1、化解流动性过剩的一个现实选择－－以优化金融功能为目标进行商业银行战略转型
邓黎阳 王 勇 (3)
A Feasible Choice to Resolve Liquidity Surplus？？Fulfilling Commercial Banks' Strategic Transformation to Optimize Financial Functions
DENG Li-yang WANG Yong (3)
2、中国银行资本监管模式选择研究
王晓龙 周好文 (11)
A Study on Bank Capital Regulation Mode in China
WANG Xiao-long ZHOU Hao-wen (11)
3、中外商业银行核心竞争力的比较
许 南 曾 翠 (16)
A Comparison of Core Competence between Chinese and Foreign Commercial Banks
XU Nan ZENG Cui (16)
4、EDF模型在中国商业银行信用风险管理中的应用
李舜蛟 王文胜 (22)
The Application of EDF Model in Credit Risk Management of Chinese Commercial Banks
LI Shun-jiao WANG Wen-sheng (22)
5、中国金融机构信贷总量增长：文献综述与实证分析
童士清 (27)
The Growth of Total Credit Amount of Chinese Financial Institutions:Literature Review and Empirical Analysis
TONG Shi-qing (27)
6、声誉机制、信任机制与小额信贷
赵岩青 何广文 (33)
Reputation Effect, Trust Mechanism and Microfinance
ZHAO Yan-qing HE Guang-wen (33)
7、商业银行抵押风险分析
于晨曦 孙俊波 (41)
An Analysis on Collateral Risk of Commercial Banks
YU Chen-xi SUN Jun-bo (41)
8、国内商业银行个人金融产品若干问题研究
肖北溟 (48)
Several Problems in Private Financial Products of Domestic Commercial Banks
XIAO Bei-ming (48)
9、客户服务是商业银行信用卡品牌建设的最主要途径
叶 友 (54)
Customer Service--The Main Approach to Establish Commercial Bank's Credit Card Brand
YE You (54)
10、关于省会城市行做好服务工作的实践与思考
郑晓东 (59)
Practices and Consideration on Service Quality Improvement of Commercial Bank Branch in Provincial Capital
ZHENG Xiao-dong (59)
化解流动性过剩的一个现实选择－－以优化金融功能为目标进行商业银行战略转型
邓黎阳 王 勇
［摘 要］ 流动性过剩是我国近年来经济中日益突现的新问题。出现于中国这样资本稀缺的发展中国家的流动性过剩，与传统经济理论描述的发达国家流动性过剩大不相同。中国当前的流动性过剩不是商品供不应求下的货币流动性过剩，也不是资本要素的过剩，而是具有一定持续性的货币层面的摩擦型的流动性过剩。其形成原因在于实体经济的非均衡以及金融发展与实体经济发展的不匹配。解决当前的摩擦型流动性过剩，有赖于实体经济非均衡的化解，更有赖于金融体系功能的优化。而实行商业银行战略转型，优化其金融功能，提高资金配置效率，应是我国当前流动性过剩问题的一个现实而有针对性的解决方案。
［关键词］ 非均衡；摩擦型流动性过剩；最优金融功能；商业银行战略转型
［Abstract］ In recent years, liquidity surplus has become an increasingly serious problem in Chinese economy. Such surplus in China, a country lack of capital, is very different from the so-called liquidity surplus in developed countries described by traditional economic theories, which is neither the surplus in money under the situation that product supply is unable to meet the demand nor the excess of capital factors. In fact, it appears the characteristic of persistent frictional liquidity surplus in money form, which results from the non-equilibrium of real economy and the mismatch between the development of real economy and financial market. To resolve the frictional liquidity surplus, we need to not only eliminate the non-equilibrium in real economy, but also optimize the function of whole financial system. Therefore, carrying out strategic transformation of commercial banks to improve their financial functions and thus enhance the allocation efficiency of capital will be a feasible choice.
［Key words］ non-equilibrium; frictional liquidity surplus; optimization of financial function; strategic transformation of commercial banks
中国银行资本监管模式选择研究
王晓龙 周好文
［摘 要］ 有效银行资本监管涉及降低银行倒闭风险所得到的社会收益与抑制金融业发展所产生的社会成本之间的平衡问题，理想的银行资本监管应随着这些成本和收益的变化而调整，设计一种激励相容的银行资本监管制度成为对银行资本监管的现实需要，无论是标准化模式还是内部模型法都是对银行具体风险评价和风险管理方法的约束，整体监管模式建立在预先承诺制的基础之上，注重激励相容、发挥市场约束和银行自身管理的作用，在适用性、稳定性、可操作性等方面都比内部模型法具有优势。
［关键词］ 银行资本监管；激励相容；整体监管
［Abstract］ An effective bank capital regulation mode must face one problem--how to realize the balance between the social benefits by reducing bank's bankruptcy and social costs resulted from restraining the development of banks. An ideal mode should be able to make self-adjustment with the change of those benefits and costs. Therefore, it is necessary to design an incentive compatible mechanism on bank capital regulation. Both SA and IRB are used to constrain commercial bank's risk evaluation and risk management. General Regulation Mode is built on the basis of pre-commitment system and emphasizes incentive compatibility, market discipline and bank's self-control, so it shows more competitive edges than IRB in the aspects of suitability, stability and feasibility.
［Key words］ bank capital regulation; incentive compatibility; General Regulation Mode
中外商业银行核心竞争力的比较
许 南 曾 翠
［摘 要］ 在现代经济中，金融业的发展在整个经济运行中居于重要地位，提高金融业的竞争力可以促进整个经济体系的竞争能力。加入WTO后，随着金融业的全面开放，我国商业银行不但面临日益加剧的国内同业竞争，更面临国际同业的严峻挑战。要客观评价我国商业银行的竞争力，必须对中外银行业的核心竞争力进行比较和实证分析。商业银行的核心竞争力是整体实力的体现,而不是单一的要素。
［关键词］ 商业银行；核心竞争力；比较评价；提升途径
［Abstract］ Today, the development of finance industry occupies an important position in the whole economic operation. Strengthening the finance industry's competence can effectively benefit the entire economy. After joining the WTO, along with the finance industry's full openness, domestic commercial banks have to face increasingly fierce competitions, especially those from foreign peers. To objectively evaluate Chinese commercial banks' competence, it is necessary to make a comparative study on the core competence of Chinese and foreign banking. The core competence of commercial banks is a symbol of the overall power but not a single factor.
［Key words］ commercial bank; core competence; comparison and evaluation; promotion approach
EDF模型在中国商业银行信用风险管理中的应用
李舜蛟 王文胜
［摘 要］ 由于我国违约数据库的缺乏，我国经验EDF函数还没有建立，这极大地制约了EDF模型在我国商业银行信用风险管理中的应用。本文在我国EDF模型现有实证研究成果的基础上，选取我国上市公司2003~2006年的相关数据，尝试建立我国经验EDF函数，并用试点试验(Pilot Test)方法对EDF模型的预测能力和稳定性进行检验。实证结果表明EDF模型能够在上市公司违约前1~2年预测出其信用质量的下降，同时EDF模型对公司信用风险度量具有很好的稳定性。结果表明，将EDF模型应用于我国商业银行信用风险管理是可行的。
［关键词］ EDF模型；商业银行；信用风险；预期违约频率
［Abstract］ Chinese EDF experiential function has not been founded for the lack of default database. This situation greatly restricts the application of EDF model in credit risk management of Chinese commercial banks. On the basis of current empirical researches of EDF model, by selecting related data of firms listed in Chinese stock markets from 2003 to 2006, the authors try to establish Chinese EDF experiential function and test its predictive ability and stability with the pilot test. Empirical result shows that EDF model can predict the deterioration in credit quality of firms one or two years before they default and it has good stability in measuring the credit risks of public companies. The result also indicates that it is feasible to apply EDF model in the credit risk management of Chinese commercial banks.
［Key words］ EDF model; commercial banks; credit risks; expected default frequency
中国金融机构信贷总量增长：文献综述与实证分析
童士清
［摘 要］ 信贷增长状况对微观经济主体的经营活动和宏观经济的运行均具有重要意义。本文在回顾相关文献的基础上，构建了中国信贷供求的理论模型，并对影响中国贷款增长的主要因素进行了实证分析。分析表明，银行存款数量、消费、银行改革都对贷款增长有较为明显的正面影响，但投资对贷款增长的影响具有不确定性；同时，银行资本数量、存贷款利率等对贷款增长也有一定影响，存款利率增加将会减少贷款发放，而贷款利率提高将会增加贷款发放。在银行更加注重利润目标的情况下，加息不会减弱银行的放贷积极性，要减少贷款的发放量必须着眼于缩小存贷利差。
［关键词］ 信贷增长；供求函数；实证分析
［Abstract］ The growth of credit is of great significance to both micro-economy and macro-economy. The paper constructs a theoretical supply-demand model for Chinese credit on the basis of an overview of relevant documents and makes an empirical analysis on the main factors affecting the loan growth in China. The result shows that the deposit size, the consumption and the banking reform have obvious positive impacts on the loan growth, but the effect of the investment is uncertain. Meanwhile, the amount of bank capital and the interest rate of lending and deposit also affect the loan growth, which means that a rise in deposit rate will reduce the loan and a rise in lending rate will extend it. In the situation that commercial banks pay more attention to profit, a rise in interest rate will not weaken the banks' motivation to increase loan, so narrowing the spread between deposit and lending rate is important to reduce the size of loan.
［Key words］ the growth of credit; supply-demand function; empirical analysis
声誉机制、信任机制与小额信贷
赵岩青 何广文
［摘 要］ 小额信贷之所以在不需要抵押担保的情况下也能为借款者放款，究其原因，除了贷款者所实施的信贷规范起到了降低风险的作用以外，建立在“声誉效应”基础上的信任机制作用的发挥起到了关键性的作用，如果借贷双方以及借款联保小组成员间缺乏基本的信任，那么合作行为是不会出现的。本文对建立在声誉效应基础上的信任机制所发挥的作用进行动态博弈分析，在此基础上根据实地调研的数据进行实证剖析，提出了通过借贷双方长期博弈建立信任关系、不断投入资源以维护信任机制、发挥农业保险与专业组织的作用降低农户经营风险等政策建议。
［关键词］ 信任机制；声誉效应；小额信贷；动态博弈
［Abstract］ Why can borrowers get the loan in the form of microfinance without the collateral and pledge? Besides the reduction of their risks restrained by lenders' credit rules, the trust mechanism based on reputation effect also plays a key role. The cooperation between the lender and the borrower or among the group lending members will not realize in the absence of trust. The paper explores the effects of trust mechanism from the angle of dynamic game theory and then exerts an empirical analysis with the data obtained from a spot investigation. Finally, the authors put forward several policy suggestions, such as establishing a trust relationship between the borrower and the lender through a long-term repeated game, constantly putting in resources to maintain such trust mechanism and strengthening the roles of agriculture insurance and relevant professional organizations to decrease farmers operation risks.
［Key words］ trust mechanism; reputation effect; microfinance; dynamic game
商业银行抵押风险分析
于晨曦 孙俊波
［摘 要］ 抵押是巴塞尔新资本协议规定的风险缓释工具之一。抵押品对商业银行优化资本结构、改变盈利模式和防范信用风险有着重要的作用和意义。本文首先借助一个数量模型和LGD的概念，对抵押品的风险缓释功能进行了理论分析，进而结合我国商业银行抵押贷款现状的统计结果，分析了当前银行抵质押业务中存在的问题，据此给出了对策建议。
［关键词］ 商业银行；抵押；巴塞尔协议；违约损失率
［Abstract］ Collateral is one of risk mitigation tools regulated by BASELⅡ, which is of great importance to commercial banks to optimize their capital structure, change the profit mode and take precautions against credit risk. With a quantitative model and the concept of LGD, the paper explores collateral's function in credit risk mitigation. Then, combining the statistic results of Chinese commercial banks' collateralized loan, the paper focuses on the problems in banks' collateral and pledge business and points out several counter-measures.
［Key words］ commercial bank; collateral; BASELⅡ; loss given default
国内商业银行个人金融产品若干问题研究
肖北溟
［摘 要］ 近年来，个人金融业务逐渐成为国内商业银行经营的业务亮点，呈现出快速发展势头。国内个人客户日益多样化的金融需求给商业银行的个人金融产品经营提出了更高的标准。但国内商业银行个人金融产品还存在诸如金融产品与个人客户需求之间存在差距、为中高端客户提供的个人金融产品仍待丰富、部分个人金融产品的经营效益需进一步提高、个人金融产品创新研发体系及科技系统还不健全等问题。国内商业银行应抓住宝贵的商机，对自己的个人金融产品加以完善和创新，为客户提供差别化个性化服务，更好地满足个人客户多元化的金融需求，提高个人金融产品的市场竞争力。
［关键词］ 商业银行；工商银行；个人金融；个人金融产品
［Abstract］ Private financial business is gradually coming into highlights and appears a fast development trend. Domestic individual customers' increasingly diversified financial demand makes a higher requirement on private financial business. However, there are still a variety of problems in private financial products of domestic commercial banks. For example, current products cannot meet individual customer's demand, products provided for medium and high end customers need to be enriched, part of products' performance has yet to be improved and the R&D system and technical system of private financial product have much room for enhancement. Therefore, domestic commercial banks have to grasp any possible precious opportunity to perfect and innovate their private financial products, provide customers with distinctive and personalized service, try their best to satisfy individual customer's pluralistic financial demand and increasingly improve their competence on the private financial market.
［Key words］ commercial bank; ICBC; private finance; private financial products
客户服务是商业银行信用卡品牌建设的最主要途径
叶 友
［摘 要］ 品牌是一种能够体现企业独特性、区别不同企业的差异性，信用卡品牌是体现不同发卡银行差异性的服务品牌，信用卡品牌的形成过程就是发卡银行差异性的定位、调整与形成的过程。无形服务与有形产品在差异性领域以及差异性传递方面存在着本质差异，决定了服务品牌与产品品牌的重大不同。有形产品主要通过广告宣传来建立认知和品牌，无形服务主要通过客户服务和客户体验来建立认知和品牌。
［关键词］ 商业银行；客户服务；信用卡品牌；品牌建设
［Abstract］ Brand can effectively reflect an enterprise's peculiarity from others. One bank's credit card brand is virtually a kind of service brand to express their distinctions, and the process to establish credit card brand is just that to position, adjust and construct the bank's service peculiarity. There are virtual discrepancies between intangible service and tangible product in the aspect of distinction transmission, which decides the obvious difference between service brand and product brand. The brand of tangible product can be recognized through advertising. In contrast, the establishment of intangible service' brand has to rely on what customers can obtain from the service.
［Key words］ commercial bank; customer service; credit card brand; brand construction
关于省会城市行做好服务工作的实践与思考
郑晓东
［摘 要］ 金融产品高度的同质性决定了金融企业竞争的核心是服务的竞争。中国工商银行将2007年定为全行的优质服务年，强调服务社会公众、增进客户价值既是工商银行长期坚持的服务理念，也是工商银行作为公众公司的社会责任。省会城市行作为全行发展的重点，在新形势下如何把握区位特点，发挥区位优势，切实做好服务工作，提升整体发展能力，是需要深入探索和实践的重要课题。近年来，河北省分行营业部围绕坚定不移打造强行的奋斗目标，以服务为抓手提升核心竞争力水平，取得了较好的工作效果，本文对新形势下如何有效开展服务工作进行了有益的探索和实践。
［关键词］ 商业银行；工商银行；金融服务；省会城市行
［Abstract］ The high homogeneity of financial products decides that the focus of competition among financial enterprises is service. ICBC designated 2007 as Quality Service Year to stress that providing first-rate service and enhancing customer's values are not only ICBC's long-run service belief but also the social responsibilities of ICBC as a public company. As the key points in development, branches in provincial capitals must exert in-depth research on how to grasp regional characteristics and make best use of their regional advantages to implement quality service strategy and improve their comprehensive competence. In recent years, centering on the target of firmly building a strong bank branch, the business division of Hebei Branch has made great progress in improving its core competence by carrying out first-rate service strategy. This paper makes a preliminary research on the implementation of high quality service work under new situations.
［Key words］ commercial bank; ICBC; financial service; bank branch in provincial capital
往期内容：
《金融论坛》第6期目录及摘要