1、欧元区银行业研究及工商银行发展策略探讨
中国工商银行城市金融研究所课题组 (3)
Research on the Banking Market of Euro Zone and Strategic Suggestions for ICBC
The Study Group, Institute of Urban Finance, ICBC
2、流动性均衡的成本最小化－－商业银行流动性管理的一种新框架
陈晓音 贺刻奋 (11)
Cost Minimization of Liquidity Equilibrium－－A New Framework for Liquidity Management of Commercial Banks
CHEN Xiao-yin HE Ke-fen
3、我国东部地区中小企业金融业务现状及工商银行策略研究
李建新 胡 斌 (17)
Financial Business Status of SMS Enterprises in Chinese Eastern Regions and Suitable Strategies of ICBC
LI Jian-xin HU Bin
4、西方商业银行风险战略实践研究
齐 君 张军朋 (22)
Western Commercial Banks' Practices on Risk Strategies
QI Jun ZHANG Jun-peng
5、基于主观违约性的银行客户信用评级改善
李家军 李娅娅 (26)
Improvement of Bank Customer's Credit Rating by Introducing Subjective Default Indicator
Li Jia-jun LI Ya-ya
6、试探海峡西岸经济区的银行盈利模式
吴 琦 许戈武 何 红 (31)
Commercial Bank's Profit Patterns in Strait-West-Coast-Economic-Zone
WU Qi XU Ge-wu HE Hong
7、试论我国大型商业银行岗位管理体系改革
金 晖 (37)
Reforms of the Position Management System of Chinese Large Commercial Banks
JIN Hui
8、商业银行社会责任及其报告披露：问题与改进
崔 宏 (42)
Commercial Banks' CSR and the Report Disclosure: Problems and Improving Strategies
CUI Hong
9、上市公司主动信息披露行为的博弈分析
陆 钦 檀 叙 (51)
A Game Analysis on Listed Companies' Proactive Information Disclosure Behavior
LU Qin TAN Xu
10、对预付式代币工具问题的理论认识与法律思考
任会来 (56)
Research on Replacing Tool of Money in Advance－－From a Theoretical and Legal Perspective
REN Hui-lai
欧元区银行业研究及工商银行发展策略探讨
中国工商银行城市金融研究所课题组
［摘 要］ 中国工商银行成功上市之后，全面推进国际化经营，建设国际一流现代金融企业成为工商银行面临的主要挑战和任务之一。根据工商银行国际化经营的中期目标，在加紧对亚太新兴市场进行网络布局的同时，工商银行有必要进一步巩固和完善在欧盟特别是欧元区银行业和金融市场的业务发展，因此本文选择欧元区为研究对象，对其近年来经济增长、银行业最新发展趋势以及区内各国银行业市场准入政策进行了深入分析，并从地域扩展、业务拓展、目标客户、产品创新和投资五个方面提出了工商银行巩固在欧元区发展的未来发展战略，以期为工商银行制定和推进欧元区业务拓展战略提供有益参考。
［关键词］ 欧元区；银行业；工商银行；发展策略
［Abstract］ After the successful listing, one of the main challenges and tasks that ICBC confronts with is to push forward the internationlized operation and construct a global first-class modern financial institution. According to the midterm goal of ICBC's internationalized operation, along with quickening its net distribution on Asia-Pacific emerging market, ICBC has necessities to consolidate and improve its business development on the banking market of Euro Zone simultaneously. Therefore, centering on Euro Zone, the paper makes a in-depth analysis on its economic growth, the banking's developing trends and the banking admittance policies. Moreover, the paper advances some suggestions from the following aspects to accelerate ICBC's development in the Euro Zone: network expansion, business exploitation, targeting customer, product innovation and investment.
［Key words］ Euro Zone; the banking; ICBC; developing strategy
流动性均衡的成本最小化－－商业银行流动性管理的一种新框架
陈晓音 贺刻奋
［摘 要］ 合理的流动性管理要求银行用尽可能低的成本组织流动性供给，以实现流动性均衡。不同的流动性供给方式在满足不同发生概率的流动性需求水平时，有不同的成本结构。备付金、可转换资产和主动负债这三种基本的流动性供给方式的成本构成，都可以表示为备付成本和交易成本之和。通过对各种流动性供给方式的成本进行比较，确定一个成本最低的流动性供给方案，在坐标图中即不同流动性供给方式的成本曲线组成的曲线簇下边界。当影响流动性供给成本的市场因素发生变化时，银行根据成本最小化原则确定的最佳流动性供给方案也将有所变动。
［关键词］ 流动性均衡；概率分布；备付成本；交易成本；成本最小化
［Abstract］ Rational liquidity management requires that banks should achieve liquidity equilibrium with the lowest liquidity supply cost. Different liquidity supply methods have different cost structures when satisfying the liquidity demand with different occurrence probability. The costs of reserve, convertible asset and initiative debt, three basic liquidity supply approaches, can be expressed as the sum of reserve cost and transaction cost. By comparing different costs of those liquidity supply methods, the paper presents a liquidity supply scheme with the lowest cost, which is represented by the lowest boundary of the cost curve cluster of different liquidity supply approaches in the coordinate system. When the market factors affecting the cost of liquidity supply change, the prime liquidity supple meeting the cost minimization requirement will also make changes correspondently.
［Key words］ liquidity equilibrium; probability distribution; reserve cost; transaction cost; cost minimization
我国东部地区中小企业金融业务现状及工商银行策略研究
李建新 胡 斌
［摘 要］ 在成熟的市场经济社会中，中小企业发挥着调节生产资源配置、建立经济体制微观基础、增强社会稳定性等主体性作用。改革开放以来，我国经济社会发生了巨大变化，中小企业在国民经济中的地位得到了不断增强，拓宽了国家财政收入（特别是地方财政收入）来源。我国中小企业的发展既需要商业银行的金融支持，更为商业银行开辟了一个加快自身发展的新的战略空间，本文针对我国中小企业的主要集中区域？东部沿海地区中小企业发展具体情况，研究分析了商业银行中小企业金融业务现状，论述了工商银行加强和改善中小企业金融业务的可行途径。
［关键词］ 东部地区；中小企业；工商银行；金融业务
［Abstract］ In a mature economy, small-and-medium sized (SMS) enterprises play a principal role in allocating producing resources, constructing the micro-foundation of economic system and strengthening the social stability. Since Chinese reform and opening-up, the whole economic society has made tremendous change. SMS enterprises' position becomes increasingly important in the national economy, which broadens the source of fiscal revenues (especially local fiscal revenues). On the one hand, SMS enterprises' development needs the financial support from commercial banks. On the other hand, the former also creates a new strategic domain for the latter to accelerate their growing pace. Focusing on SMS enterprises in Chinese eastern regions, where concentrate most Chinese SMS enterprises, the paper analyzes the status quo of financial business between SMS enterprises and commercial banks and puts forward several feasible approaches to improve ICBC's financial business facing to SMS enterprises.
［Key words］ eastern regions; small-and-medium sized (SMS) enterprise; ICBC; financial busine
西方商业银行风险战略实践研究
齐 君 张军朋
［摘 要］ 本文在对西方商业银行风险管理行为进行整体考察的基础上，结合风险管理的发展历程系统总结了商业银行风险战略的基本类型、主要特征和风险战略管理的实践流程。风险战略是商业银行整体经营发展战略中决定风险管理行动方向和范围的系列规划，具有显性和隐性两种表现形式，是全面风险管理框架的必备要素，是风险管理的起点和目标。风险战略管理通过对风险战略定位、选择、实施、评估与控制等一系列相互影响的决策和行动，确保了商业银行的持续稳健经营发展，确保商业银行股东价值增值。本文还对我国商业银行风险战略发展提出了政策建议。
［关键词］ 商业银行；风险战略；风险容忍度；风险管理治理
［Abstract］ On the basis of reviewing western commercial banks' risk management practice and the development history of risk management, the paper systematically summarizes the basic types, main features and practical process of commercial bank's risk strategies. Risk strategy is a series of outlines for commercial bank to determine its risk management's direction and scope in overall business development strategies, which has two forms, namely, the explicit form and the tacit form. Risk strategy is an essential factor of comprehensive risk management and its starting point and goal. By making a series of interactive plans and actions on positioning, choosing, implementing and evaluating, risk strategy can protect commercial bank's sustainable and healthy development and ensure shareholders' investment appreciation. This paper also proposes some policy suggestions on the risk strategy development of commercial banks in China.
［Key words］ commercial banks; risk strategy; risk tolerance; risk management governance
基于主观违约性的银行客户信用评级改善
李家军 李娅娅
［摘 要］ 商业银行信用评级是银行风险防范的基础，但是目前的客户信用评级体系中缺乏主观违约指标，不能全面反映客户的信用等级。主观还款意愿应作为信用评级不可忽略的要素，为此，本文在充分考虑影响客户违约的客观指标基础上，纳入主观违约这一刚性指标，以反映客户还款意愿，并基于模糊综合评判方法，某银行对运用该指标前后的违约客户进行信用评级，评级结果的假设检验显示，纳入该指标前后，存在着显著性差异，表明主观违约指标纳入信用评级体系具有合理性，有利于推进国内评级的改善。
［关键词］ 信用评级；评级指标；模糊综合评判；主观违约
［Abstract］ Commercial bank's credit rating is the basis of its risk precaution. However, lack of subjective default indicator, the current customer credit rating system cannot comprehensively reflect customer's credit status. Subjective repayment wishes should be a necessary evaluating factor for the credit rating. Therefore, the paper introduces a stiff index？？subjective default, to reflect clients' repayment wishes, along with covering various objective factors affecting clients' default behaviors. Based on fuzzy integrative evaluation method, the paper compares the credit rating results on default clients when introducing subjective default index with that without such index, by using the data of Bank H. The t-hypothesis testing shows that there is significant distinction between two rating results, so it is reasonable to introduce the subjective default index into the credit rating system, which will help to advance commercial bank's credit rating quality.
［Key words］ credit rating; rating indicators; fuzzy integrative evaluation; subjective default
试探海峡西岸经济区的银行盈利模式
吴 琦 许戈武 何 红
［摘 要］ 本文结合福建省所在的特色区域位置及经济特征，探讨了在“十一五”规划把福建省创新定义为“海峡西岸经济区”这一特殊经济地带后，地处海峡西岸经济区的银行如何面对经济发展及区域关系发展带来的经济转变，与时俱进，寻找适合自身以及区域经济特点的盈利模式，实现可持续的科学发展。本文以海峡西岸经济区的某家银行2006年数据为例，浅析了该行的主要盈利模式和盈利产品板块的变化，提出了海峡西岸经济区银行盈利模式的抉择及其发展方向。
［关键词］ 海峡西岸；区域经济；商业银行；盈利模式
［Abstract］ Given that the Outline of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan defines Fujian Province as a special region area--Strait-West-Coast-Economic-Zone, the paper discusses how local commercial banks can face the economic transformation caused by Fujian's economic development and changes of regional relationship, combining with Fujian's special regional position and economic characteristics. It is important for local banks to keep pace with the times and seek suitable business models to achieve the scientific and sustainable development. By using a local commercial bank's data in 2006, the paper analyzes its main profit pattern and changes of profitable product module, and brings forward several suggestions for local banks to choose suitable profit patterns.
［Key words］ Strait-West-Coast-Economic-Zone; regional economy; commercial bank; profit pattern
试论我国大型商业银行岗位管理体系改革
金 晖
［摘 要］ 当前，随着市场经济的发展，我国大型商业银行在人力资源管理、企业发展战略等各个方面亟须进行现代化、国际化的变革。岗位管理是基于岗位分析、岗位设计和岗位评价的科学管理方法，是人力资源管理的重要内容。在我国大型商业银行的人力资源管理中，进行科学的岗位管理显得尤为重要。本文以商业银行岗位管理的专业运行实践为出发点，着重分析商业银行人力资源管理的特点，并针对目前我国大型商业银行人力资源岗位管理中存在的问题，提出了构建岗位管理的总体思路，并对岗位管理体系的应用进行了阐述。
［关键词］ 商业银行；人力资源；岗位管理；绩效考核
［Abstract］ With the development of Chinese market economy, it is essential for large-sized commercial banks to deepen reforms of their human resources management and developing strategies to achieve the modernized and internationalized operation. Position management is an important part of human resources management and a kind of scientific management approach based on position analysis, position design and position evaluation, which plays a significant role in the human resources management of Chinese large commercial banks. Beginning with the operating practice of position management in commercial banks, the paper makes a thorough analysis on characteristics of their human resources management and expounds the operation of their position management systems. In view of the problems existing in the position management of Chinese large commercial banks, the paper puts forward a feasible reform scheme.
［Key words］ commercial bank; human resources; position management; performance evaluation
商业银行社会责任及其报告披露：问题与改进
崔 宏
［摘 要］ 商业银行履行社会责任有其经济理论与实践逻辑基础。与国外银行领先实践与企业社会责任评估标准相比较，我国商业银行履行社会责任并进行报告披露尚处于起始阶段。本文总结回顾了我国商业银行社会责任发展的历程及其报告披露概况，并就存在的问题有针对性地提出了六条具体改进策略：将履行社会责任嵌入到银行发展战略、治理架构、企业文化和业务流程之中，制定明确的社会责任目标和执行计划并加强评估，探索建立统一的企业社会责任指标评价体系与报告指南，适时引入并建立商业银行社会责任报告第三方独立鉴证制度，发挥政府积极作用促进商业银行更好地履行社会责任，谨防社会责任虚无主义和管理者机会主义错误倾向。
［关键词］ 商业银行；企业社会责任；报告披露
［Abstract］ Various economic theories and practical logics construct the basis for commercial banks to fulfill their corporate social responsibilities (CSR). In comparison with the CSR evaluating standards and the leading practices of their foreign counterparts, Chinese commercial banks are still on the primary stage in practicing CSR and making report disclosure. This paper reviews the evolution of Chinese commercial banks' CSR and the existing disclosure condition. By elaborating some foreign commercial banks' good performance in social responsibility, the paper puts forward 6 suggestions to enhance Chinese commercial banks' performance in social responsibility on the basis of their own situation, which include making CSR an integral part of commercial bank's developing strategies, governance structure, enterprise culture and business process, formulating the clear CSR target and implementing plan, exploring a united CSR evaluating system and report guideline, and so on..
［Key words］ commercial banks; corporate social responsibility; report disclosure
上市公司主动信息披露行为的博弈分析
陆 钦 檀 叙
［摘 要］ 本文从同业竞争的简单博弈模型出发进行分析，得出了上市公司主动披露“好消息”但不主动披露“坏消息”的结论。而后，对市场监督机制存在的情况下对上市公司主动信息披露的行为进行博弈分析，得出了市场可预测与不可预测情况下上市公司的纳什均衡。最后，对外界监督压力存在的情况进行了博弈分析。上市公司一般会选择主动披露“好消息”，但主动披露“坏消息”的行为则随约束条件的不同而变化。增强上市公司的同业竞争，提高上市公司对声誉的依赖性，提高监督效率，降低监督成本，提高监督的覆盖面，对提高上市公司主动信息披露行为会起积极作用。
［关键词］ 主动信息披露；博弈分析；同业竞争；市场与外界监督
［Abstract］ By using a simple game model on peer competition, this paper comes to a conclusion that listed companies incline to proactively disclose good news but bad news. Given the current market supervision mechanism, the paper makes a game analysis on listed companies' initiative information disclosure and obtains the Nash equilibriums under two conditions: market predictable and market unpredictable. In addition, the paper demonstrates the influence of external supervision from the angle of the game theory: generally, listed companies proactively disclose good news, and whether they initiatively disclose bad news or not depends on different constraints. Therefore, to urge listed companies to disclose all information proactively, the paper proposes following suggestions: strengthening peer competition among listed companies, enhancing the importance of reputation for listed companies, improving the supervision efficiency and its coverage, and reducing the supervision costs.
［Key words］ proactive information disclosure; game analysis; peer competition; market and external supervision
对预付式代币工具问题的理论认识与法律思考
任会来
［摘 要］ 本文从货币性的判断标准出发，认为代币工具和准货币是两个不同的范畴。当前市场上的代币工具主要包括代币票券、不记名储值卡、网络虚拟货币，它们都属于预付式工具，从一般预付式工具到代币工具是一个货币性渐增的连续区间。代币工具的存在弊大于利，我国从法律制度上一直加以禁止，但效果并不好。本文作者认为，系统的解决方案是确立代币工具的认定标准，制定预付式工具发行规范，有重点地进行监控和引导，并尽快完善现代支付体系。
［关键词］ 货币；代币工具；预付式工具
［Abstract］ Beginning with the judgment standards of money, the paper points out that replacing tools of money and quasi-money are of two different concepts. On the current market, replacing tools of money mainly include token money instrument, stored value card and virtual net money, which all belong to advance payment tools. The transition from the ordinary advance payment tool to replacing tool of money is a consecutive interval with increasing monetary characters. Although replacing tool of money is forbidden in Chinese legal system for it results in more harm than benefit, the actual executing outcome is not ideal. The systematic solution is to establish the recognition standards of replacing tool of money, formulate issuing rules of advance payment tool and improve the modern payment system as soon as possible with emphasizing on its monitoring and guidance.
［Key words］ money; replacing tool of money; advance payment tool
往期内容：
《金融论坛》2008年第2期中英文目录及摘要
《金融论坛》2008年第1期中英文目录及摘要