1、国际前20家银行20年起伏原因、规律及启示
中国工商银行城市金融研究所课题组 (3)
Reasons, Laws and Implications of Changes of Top 20 International Banks in Recent 20 Years
The Study Group, Institute of Urban Finance, ICBC (3)
2、美国商业银行经营战略转型中的贷款交易研究与启示
谢 刚 李 勇 (10)
The Loan Trade in American Commercial Banks' Strategic Transformation and Its Implications
XIE Gang LI Yong (10)
3、银行业的双重转型与全面市场风险－－以次贷危机中的花旗集团为例
张 波 (15)
Dual Reconstruction of the Banking and Overall Market Risks－－A Case Study on Citigroup in Subprime Crisis
ZHANG Bo (15)
4、工商银行信贷流程改造研究
中国工商银行江苏省分行课题组 (21)
An Analysis on the Credit Process Reengineering of ICBC
The Study Group, Jiangsu Branch, ICBC (21)
5、中国商业银行再造影响因素的识别与评价
乔 彬 李维民 刘治国 (27)
The Identification and Evaluation of Affecting Factors on Chinese Commercial Bank's Reengineering
QIAO Bin LI Wei-min LIU Zhi-guo (27)
6、商业银行对大型优质客户个性化服务及创新研究－－以淮南矿业（集团）公司为例
赴淮南分行实习小组课题组 (33)
The Innovation of Commercial Banks in Providing Personalized Service for Large-sized and High-end Customers－－With an Example of Huainan Mining Industry Group
The Practice Group in Huainan Branch of ICBC (33)
7、国内商业银行分支机构全面预算管理研究
张德银 (38)
A Study on the Overall Budget Management of Domestic Commercial Bank's Branches
ZHANG De-yin (38)
8、商业银行提升核心竞争力研究－－中国工商银行宁波市分行的经营实践
中国工商银行宁波分行课题组 (44)
How to Enhance Commercial Banks' Core Competence－－The Operating Practice of Ningbo Branch of ICBC
The Study Group, Ningbo Branch, ICBC (44)
9、短信银行服务发展现状及相关法律问题研究
耿丹丹 (50)
The Development Status of Short Message Service in Commercial Banks and Its Potential Legal Issues
GENG Dan-dan (50)
10、当前中国商业银行流动性过剩的成因及政策建议
王都富 (54)
Causes of the Excess Liquidity in Chinese Commercial Banks and Feasible Strategic Suggestions
WANG Du-fu (54)
11、中国的货币化与金融化：影响因素与演进趋势
蔡如海 刘向明 (58)
The Monetization and Financialization in China: Affecting Factors and Evolving Trend
CAI Ru-hai LIU Xiang-ming (58)
国际前20家银行20年起伏原因、规律及启示
中国工商银行城市金融研究所课题组
［摘 要］ 本文通过对近20年来国际银行业演进的比较分析，发现经济环境、监管层的政策引导和协调构成银行经营的重要外生变量，银行自身的发展战略、经营策略及管理文化则构成起决定作用的内生变量。国际排名前20家大银行20年的主要发展规律包括任何银行的经营都会受经济周期波动风险影响；银行可能成为泡沫经济的助推器和受害者；金融自由化进程对银行经营的影响很大；跨国购并已成为银行增强竞争力的重要手段；银行资本金的重要性日益凸显以及零售业务和非信贷业务成为银行重要的利润来源等，并深刻总结国际银行业在20年变迁历程中对中资银行的重要启示。
［Abstract］ By scrutinizing the evolving history of the international banking in recent 20 years, the authors point out that the economic environment the supervisor's policy guide and coordination constitute main exogenous variables of bank's operation, and a bank's developing strategy, operating tactics and management culture are endogenous and decisive variables. The main developing laws of top 20 international banks in recent 20 years are as follows: (1) any bank's operation are affected by risks of business cycles; (2) banks may simultaneously play the roles of boosters and victims of economic bubbles; (3) financial liberalization makes a great impact on banks' operation; (4) multinational M&A has become an important approache for banks to enhance their competence; (5) banks' capital gradually comes into an important position; (6) retail business and noncredit business have grown into significant profit sources of banks … Moreover, the paper summarizes the essential experiences for Chinese banking.
［Key words］ the international banking; Chinese commercial banks; developing laws; multinational M&A; Mitsubishi Tokyo Financial Group
美国商业银行经营战略转型中的贷款交易研究与启示
谢 刚 李 勇
［摘 要］ 论文从深入分析贷款交易发展对美国商业银行经营战略转型的积极作用入手，指出美国贷款交易从经营收入、业务结构、经营理念和促进银行市场分工及战略定位等多方面促进了美国商业银行的经营战略转型。在此基础上，作者重点分析了贷款交易与我国商业银行经营战略转型的关系，认为我国商业银行应借鉴美国经验，加强对贷款交易业务的开发，通过规范化的交易流程和标准化的交易产品，逐步推动和实现商业银行贷款二级市场的发展，以促进商业银行的战略转型。
［关键词］ 美国；商业银行；贷款交易；经营战略转型
［Abstract］ Beginning with the analysis on the roles that the loan trade played in American commercial banks'strategic transformation, the paper demonstrates that the loan trade furthered their strategic transformation by improving their operation income, business structure, operating notion, market segmentation and strategic positioning. On this basis, the paper focuses on the relationship between the loan trade and Chinese commercial banks' strategic transformation and proposes that Chinese commercial banks should draw on the experiences of American commercial banks and strengthen the development of loan trade business. The detailed approaches include normalizing the trade procedure and trade products and gradually establishing a second loan trade market among commercial banks.
［Key words］ commercial bank; loan trade; strategic transformation
银行业的双重转型与全面市场风险－－以次贷危机中的花旗集团为例
张 波
［摘 要］ 花旗集团在次贷危机中的损失，反映了银行业在机构和产品双重变革下面临的全面市场风险，也暴露了功能性监管体制与银行内控机制的双重脱节。有鉴于此，美国2008年监管改革蓝皮书提出建立基于目标的最优化监管架构。处于综合化转型期的我国商业银行，应依据《中国人民银行法》夯实监管协调机制，强化对金融控股集团的市场稳定性监管，在银行内部建立健全多元业务的风险协同管理，全面履行新巴塞尔协议，并在此前提下稳健推进信贷资产证券化。
［关键词］ 机构转型；产品转型；资产证券化；全面市场风险；监管协调
［Abstract］ What Citigroup lost in the subprime crisis reflects the overall market risks that banks have to face during the tremendous changes from both institutions and products and exposes the dual disconnection between the functional supervision system and bank's internal control mechanism. It is proposed in Development of Treasury Blueprint for a Modernized Financial Regulatory Structure in 2008 that an objective-based optimal regulatory framework should be established. Chinese commercial banks, in a comprehensively transformed period, should lay a firm foundation for the supervision and coordination mechanism according to Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China, reinforce the supervision on financial holding groups' market stabilization, construct and amplify internal control system aiming to the cooperative risks among diversified businesses, comprehensively execute the BaselⅡ and steadily further the credit asset securitization.
［Key words］ institution transformation; product transformation; asset securitization; overall market risk; coordination of supervision
工商银行信贷流程改造研究
中国工商银行江苏省分行课题组
［摘 要］ 信贷经营作为商业银行的核心业务之一，其流程的科学性、合理性将直接关系到工商银行对优质信贷市场变化的响应效率和综合竞争能力。本文运用分工理论和机制理论等相关理论，总结国内外优秀商业银行信贷流程的先进做法，在深入调研的基础上，剖析工商银行现有信贷流程的弊端，明确信贷流程改造的目标，着重从授权机制、组织架构以及岗位职能设置等角度，提出工商银行信贷流程改造的对策建议，旨在进一步优化信贷流程，防范风险，提高效率，促进全行信贷业务全面、协调、稳健发展。
［关键词］ 工商银行；信贷业务；信贷流程；风险管理
［Abstract］ The whole process of credit business, a core business of ICBC, is required to be designed scientifically and reasonably to enhance ICBC's reflecting efficiency to the market changes and its comprehensive competence. The paper first reviews the main achievement in the division theory and mechanism theory and summarizes the advanced practices of foreign and domestic excellent commercial banks. According to the findings of an investigation, the paper scrutinizes the main drawbacks in ICBC's credit process and proposes a clear objective of the credit process reengineering. The paper also puts forward some counter-measures from the perspectives of the authorization mechanism, organization structure and position responsibilities, to further perfect the credit process, guard against risks, enhance the efficiency, and promote an all-round, coordinated and steady development of ICBC's credit business.
［Key words］ ICBC; credit business; credit process; risk management
中国商业银行再造影响因素的识别与评价
乔 彬 李维民 刘治国
［摘 要］ 本文从战略、技术、人员、管理、结构、资源和环境7个方面分析了中国商业银行再造的影响因素，并通过实证研究识别出6个影响显著的因子，即客户导向战略、信息技术能力、领导因素、培训和激励、组织协调和市场竞争压力。同时指出在中国商业银行治理结构尚未完善、人员素质普遍较低和传统文化影响下，组织结构正式化、组织结构集权化、员工的支持及参与和组织资源等方面对我国商业银行再造的影响与国外文献的研究结论大相径庭。本结论使银行管理者能够对重要影响因素给予适当的重视和投入，以获得实施再造的理想效果；同时，也揭示了国内一些商业银行再造没有实现预期目标的原因。
［关键词］ 商业银行；银行再造；再造绩效；影响因素
［Abstract］ The paper analyzes the factors affecting Chinese commercial bank's reengineering from seven aspects: strategy, technology, human resource, management, structure and environment. Six significant affecting factors are identified, which are customer-oriented strategy, information technology, leadership, training and incentives, coordination of organization and competitive pressures. For the lack of efficient governance structure of Chinese commercial banks and the staff with high quality and given Chinese traditional culture background, this paper's study conclusions are inconsistent with those of foreign literatures about the influence on commercial bank's reengineering from the formalization and centralization of organization structure, the staff's support and participation, organization resource, and so on. According to this result, bank managers should pay more attention to those significant affecting factors to accomplish the commercial bank's reengineering. Moreover, the result also reveals why some domestic commercial banks fail in their reengineering.
［Key words］ commercial bank; bank's reengineering; reengineering performance; affecting factor
商业银行对大型优质客户个性化服务及创新研究－－以淮南矿业（集团）公司为例
赴淮南分行实习小组课题组
［摘 要］ 大型优质企业历来是商业银行竞争的主要对象和创收的主要来源。随着国内大型优质企业纷纷建立财务公司，以其替代商业银行的融资功能，这对传统商业银行业务是一个巨大的挑战，也对商业银行提出了综合化、个性化服务的新要求。中国工商银行淮南分行在服务淮南矿业（集团）公司的实践中发现存在以下问题：审批链条长，时效性较差；各部门协同作战能力有待提高；人员素质有待提高；绩效考核制度有待完善等问题。本文提出如下政策建议：改革内部管理机制，提高办理效率；整合营销，发挥协同作用；完善客户经理制，培养复合型金融人才；完善绩效考核制度，提高员工工作积极性等。
［关键词］ 商业银行；公司客户；服务创新；淮南矿业集团
［Abstract］ Large-sized and high-quality enterprises are always the key service objects among commercial banks and their main profit sources. With the increasing establishment of financial companies hold by those enterprises to substitute commercial banks' financing function, commercial banks are challenged. This situation also presents new requirements for commercial banks to provide comprehensive and personalized services. In the process that ICBC offers innovative service for Huainan Mining Industry Group, there are still various problems, which involve that the procedure of examination and approval is too complex and time-consuming, the coordination among different apartments needs to be strengthened, the staff's qualities remain to be improved and the performance evaluation system has much room for improvement. Suggestions are also provided around reforming the inner management system to enhance processing efficiency, integrating marketing forces to play the coordination effect, improving the rules on client manager to cultivate compound talents, and perfecting the performance evaluation system to arouse the enthusiasm of the staff.
［Key words］ commercial bank; corporate customer; service innovation; Huainan Mining Industry Group
国内商业银行分支机构全面预算管理研究
张德银
［摘 要］ 全面预算管理自其产生以来，作为管理的标准作业程序，它对推动现代企业的不断成熟与发展起到了极其重要的作用。然而，从国内主流商业银行及其分支机构的现状来看，虽然也已开始逐步引入与全面预算管理有关的理念和方法，但总体上仍处于比较初级的阶段，主要表现为：全面预算管理的组织架构体系不健全，目标确定欠科学，编制方法单一，没有统一的预算编制大纲，分析、考评机制也不够完善。本文认为现阶段国内商业银行分支机构逐步引入和升级全面预算管理的途径是在观念上要真正提高认识，全面做好编制预算的前期准备，强化预算的执行与控制，并努力做好预算的差异分析与考评工作。
［关键词］ 商业银行；分支机构；全面预算管理；经营策略
［Abstract］ Since its existence, as a standard management process, the overall budget management has played an important role in furthering modern enterprises' development. Given the current status of main Chinese commercial banks and their branches, although they are gradually'ntroducing such management notion, they are generally on an initial stage, which is manifested as follows: the overall budget management's structure is not sound, the goal is not scientific, its compiling method is monotonous, it lacks a unified outline on budget compilation and the evaluation system has much room for improvement. To introduce and update the overall budget management, domestic commercial banks' branches have to improve their understanding on this management pattern, make a sufficient preparation on budget compilation, strengthen the budget's execution and control and emphasize the difference analysis and evaluation on the budget execution.
［Key words］ commercial bank; branch; overall budget management; operating strategy
商业银行提升核心竞争力研究－－中国工商银行宁波市分行的经营实践
中国工商银行宁波分行课题组
［摘 要］ 本课题以工商银行大中城市行之一－－宁波分行为个案，深入阐述了企业竞争力的内涵及特点，并以宁波市的经济金融环境为基础，从市场占比、投入产出、风险控制、均衡发展、创新贡献5个维度来度量宁波分行在该区域的竞争力状况。作者认为，虽然当前宁波分行具有一定的区域领先优势，但还需要通过以品牌、营销和服务为抓手，进一步提升市场占比；推进负债、资产和中间业务协调发展，进一步提高均衡发展水平；开展业务流程和管理模式创新，进一步提高发展后劲；优化人力、渠道和经营费用资源配置，进一步提升经营效率；抓好风险管理和企业文化建设，为可持续发展保驾护航。
［关键词］ 工商银行；宁波分行；核心竞争力
［Abstract］ By using the case of Ningbo Branch of ICBC, this paper makes an in- depth exploration on the implication and characteristics of an enterprise's core competence. On the basis of Ningbo's economic and financial environment, the paper measures Ningbo Branch's competitive state from five dimensions, which are market shares, input-output efficiency, risk control, balanced development and innovation contribution. The results show that although Ningbo Branch possess obvious regional competitive advantages, it still need to enhance the core competence from the following perspectives to achieve a sustainable development: further improving the market shares centering on the brand, marketing and service; promoting the coordinated growth of debt, asset and non-interest business; strengthening the capability of balanced development, pay attention to the innovation on business process and management pattern to add the growth impetus, optimizing the utilization of human resource, channel resource and operating expense to improve the operating efficiency, and emphasizing the risk management and the cultivation of enterprise culture.
［Key words］ ICBC; Ningbo Branch; core competence
短信银行服务发展现状及相关法律问题研究
耿丹丹
［摘 要］ 短信银行服务是商业银行借助现代信息技术，向客户提供信息和金融交易的新型金融服务方式，是当代金融发展的新趋势。商业银行在为客户提供服务的同时，必须关注新业务带来的法律风险，并采取有效措施加以防范。具体来讲，对于付费类短信服务，银行应严格按照合同约定履行义务；对于营销类免费信息，银行在发送之前要取得客户口头或者书面的同意，并应保留相应的证据；对于非营销类免费短信，虽然这类信息极大地方便了客户办理银行业务，但如果客户对银行发送该类信息存在异议，银行应当立即停止向该客户发送，避免因此出现纠纷。
［关键词］ 短信银行服务；法律风险；付费类服务；免费类服务
［Abstract］ With the aid of modern information technology, commercial banks are providing their clients with various information and financial trading services via short message service (SMS), a fresh financial service method and representing a new developing trend. With legal risks inherent in this service, it is critical for banks to take effective measures to control and manage these risks. For fee-based SMS, banks should execute their obligations according to the terms of the contract. For non-fee- based marketing SMS, clients' verifications, verbal or written, are required frist and commercial banks should record them properly. For non-fee-based and non-marketing SMS, although such service can facilitate customers to deal with various businesses, if they show objections for them, banks should cease such service immediately to avoid disputes.
［Key words］ Short Message Service (SMS); legal risk; fee-based service; non-fee-based service
当前中国商业银行流动性过剩的成因及政策建议
王都富
［摘 要］ 现有的对流动性过剩原因分析多数是从定性的角度进行。事实上，商业银行流动性过剩成因复杂，必须从宏观和微观两个层面上选取具有代表性的因素加以实证分析才能得到令人信服的结论。由实证分析结果可知，我国商业银行流动性过剩是多种因素造成的，包括宏观上的外汇占款过大、居民储蓄率过高等，也包括微观上的金融市场结构不合理、直接融资相对份额不高、商业银行在经营上过于依赖存贷业务等。因此，既要改革汇率形成机制，适当抑制出口，同时也要完善社会保障机制，促进消费。
［关键词］ 商业银行；存差；流动性过剩；外汇储备；外汇占款
［Abstract］ Up to now, most of studies analyze the causes of excess Liquidity from the qualitative perspective. Actually, the causes inducing the excess liquidity in commercial banks are so complicated that to attain a credible conclusion needs a precise empirical analysis by selecting representative factors from both macroeconomic and microeconomic level. The conclusion indicates that a variety of factors jointly give rise to Chinese commercial banks' excess liquidity. The affecting factors from the macro perspective include huge funds outstanding for foreign exchange, high residential savings rate, and so on. In the micro level, the main factors incorporates an irrational financial market, a relatively low share of direct financing and extremely high proportion of the deposit and lending business in the earnings composition of commercial banks. Hence, it is important for us not only to reform the mechanism of exchange rate and appropriately restrain exports, but also to improve the social security mechanism and promote the consumption.
［Key words］ deposit-loan difference; excess liquidity; foreign exchange reserve; funds outstanding for foreign exchange
中国的货币化与金融化：影响因素与演进趋势
蔡如海 刘向明
［摘 要］ 我国的货币化与金融化问题，尽管基本上符合经济货币化与金融化的总体趋势和演进规律，但却具有一定的独特性：具有极高的货币化比率和偏低的金融相关比率（从而极低的证券化比率）。从储蓄分流、金融结构优化和缓解流动性过剩3个视角对该问题的分析表明：储蓄分流应该是增量分流，金融结构优化应该是缩减间接融资的相对规模，我国出现货币化“折点”应满足的条件是M2持续增长但其增速却持续低于名义GDP增速。就我国货币化“折点”出现的时间而言，尽管具有不确定性，但金融相关比率和证券化比率在相当长时间内继续提升却是可以明确预期的。
［关键词］ 货币化；金融化；储蓄分流；金融结构优化；流动性过剩
［Abstract］ Although, on the whole, the developing route of monetization and financialization in China generally conforms to its ordinary evolving trend, it still appears the peculiarity: a high monetization ratio but low financial interrelation ratio, which induces an extremely low securitization ratio. From the perspectives of diverting savings, optimizing the financial structure and reducing excess liquidity, an analysis result reveals: (1) savings diversion should be an incremental division; (2) reducing the relative scale of indirect financing is the key approach to optimize the financial structure; (3) "the inflexion of China's monetization" will turn up when M2 can keep increasing with a speed lower than that of nominal GDP. Although when the inflexion can show up is still not sure, the persistent increase of financial interrelation ratio and securitization ratio in the long run can be expected.
［Key words］ monetization; financialization; savings diversion; optimization of financial structure; excess liquidity
往期内容：
《金融论坛》2008年第4期中英文目录及摘要
《金融论坛》2008年第3期中英文目录及摘要
《金融论坛》2008年第2期中英文目录及摘要
《金融论坛》2008年第1期中英文目录及摘要